BACKGROUND: It is now well established that major depression is accompanied by an immune-inflammatory system response and that indicators of the latter are inversely correlated with lower availability of plasma tryptophan in depression. Inflammation and infection can alter sleep architecture, whereas sleep disturbances can impair immune functions. AIMS AND METHODS: The aims of the present study were to examine: (i) immune-inflammatory markers, i.e. serum interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, IL-6 receptor (IL-6R), IL-1R antagonist (IL-1RA), gp130, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production by mitogen-stimulated whole blood and the availability of plasma tryptophan in patients with primary sleep disorders, major depression and healthy volunteers; and (ii) the relationships between the availability of tryptophan and indicators of the immune-inflammatory response system. RESULTS: Mitogen-stimulated release of PGE2, and serum IL-6 and IL-8, were significantly increased in both depressed and sleep disordered patients compared to normal controls. Serum IL-1RA was significantly higher in depressed patients than in normal controls. Patients with depression and sleep disorders had a significantly lower availability of tryptophan than normal controls. There were significant and inverse relationships between the availability of plasma tryptophan and serum IL-1RA, IL-6 and IL-8. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that (i) there is an activation of the immune-inflammatory response system in primary sleep disorders and depression; and (ii) the decreased availability of plasma tryptophan may be related to the inflammatory system response.
BACKGROUND: It is now well established that major depression is accompanied by an immune-inflammatory system response and that indicators of the latter are inversely correlated with lower availability of plasma tryptophan in depression. Inflammation and infection can alter sleep architecture, whereas sleep disturbances can impair immune functions. AIMS AND METHODS: The aims of the present study were to examine: (i) immune-inflammatory markers, i.e. serum interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, IL-6 receptor (IL-6R), IL-1R antagonist (IL-1RA), gp130, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production by mitogen-stimulated whole blood and the availability of plasma tryptophan in patients with primary sleep disorders, major depression and healthy volunteers; and (ii) the relationships between the availability of tryptophan and indicators of the immune-inflammatory response system. RESULTS: Mitogen-stimulated release of PGE2, and serum IL-6 and IL-8, were significantly increased in both depressed and sleep disorderedpatients compared to normal controls. Serum IL-1RA was significantly higher in depressedpatients than in normal controls. Patients with depression and sleep disorders had a significantly lower availability of tryptophan than normal controls. There were significant and inverse relationships between the availability of plasma tryptophan and serum IL-1RA, IL-6 and IL-8. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that (i) there is an activation of the immune-inflammatory response system in primary sleep disorders and depression; and (ii) the decreased availability of plasma tryptophan may be related to the inflammatory system response.
Authors: C M R Franco; A M J Lima; L Ataíde; O G Lins; C M M Castro; A A Bezerra; M F de Oliveira; J R M Oliveira Journal: J Mol Neurosci Date: 2012-03-09 Impact factor: 3.444
Authors: Jennifer M Loftis; Juno Valerio; Jonathan Taylor; Elaine Huang; Rebekah Hudson; Patricia Taylor-Young; Michael Chang; Samuel B Ho; Eric Dieperink; Juan Luis Miranda; Peter Hauser Journal: Alcohol Clin Exp Res Date: 2018-06-28 Impact factor: 3.455
Authors: Michael Maes; Gabriel Nowak; Javier R Caso; Juan Carlos Leza; Cai Song; Marta Kubera; Hans Klein; Piotr Galecki; Cristiano Noto; Enrico Glaab; Rudi Balling; Michael Berk Journal: Mol Neurobiol Date: 2015-05-02 Impact factor: 5.590
Authors: Vilma Gabbay; Rachel G Klein; Carmen M Alonso; James S Babb; Melissa Nishawala; Georgette De Jesus; Glenn S Hirsch; Pauline M Z Hottinger-Blanc; Charles J Gonzalez Journal: J Affect Disord Date: 2008-09-13 Impact factor: 4.839
Authors: Harris A Eyre; Tracy Air; Alyssa Pradhan; James Johnston; Helen Lavretsky; Michael J Stuart; Bernhard T Baune Journal: Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry Date: 2016-02-20 Impact factor: 5.067