Ionic transport in lipid bilayer membranes.

The current-voltage relationships of model bilayer membranes have been measured in various phospholipid systems, under the influence of both a gradient of potential and an ionic concentration, in order to describe the ion translocation through hydrated transient defects (water channels) across the bilayer formed because of lipid structure fluctuations and induced by temperature. The results have been analyzed in the light of a statistical rate theory for the transport process across a lipid bilayer, recently proposed by Skinner et al. (1993). In order to take into account the observed I-V curves and in particular the deviation from an ohmic behavior observed at high potential values, the original model has been modified, and a new version has been proposed by introducing an additional kinetic process. In this way, a very good agreement with the experimental values has been obtained for all of the systems we have investigated (dimyristoylphosphatidyl ethanolamine bilayers and mixed systems composed by dimyristoylphosphatidyl ethanolamine/dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine mixtures and dimyristoylphosphatidyl ethanolamine/phosphatidic acid dipalmitoyl mixtures). The rate constants governing the reactions at the bilayer interfaces have been evaluated for K+ and Cl- ions, as a function of temperature, from 5 to 35 degrees C and bulk ionic concentrations from 0.02 to 0.2 M. Finally, a comparison between the original model of Skinner and the modified version is presented, and the advantages of this new formulation are briefly discussed.