Markers of bone turnover in patients with nephrolithiasis.

A total of 19 patients with active nephrolithiasis, 14 patients with non-active nephrolithiasis and 17 healthy subjects were examined under standardized intake of calcium, phosphorus, purine and protein. In patients with both active and non-active renal stone disease the following abnormalities were found: elevated plasma levels of PTH and osteocalcin, increased activity of the bone isozyme of alkaline phosphatase, low plasma levels of phosphate and increased urinary excretion of calcium and oxalic acid. These abnormalities were more marked in patients with active than non-active nephrolithiasis. No correlation was found between plasma PTH levels and parameters of bone turnover as well as calciuria and oxaluria. Results presented in this paper suggest that (a) Smith's criteria of active renal stone disease are of minor pathogenetic and therapeutic value and (b) patients with active nephrolithiasis differ from non-active renal stone formers by more elevated oxaluria and markers of bone turnover and more marked abnormalities in calcium-phosphate metabolism related parameters.