Biochemical and molecular characterization of the polyhydroxybutyrate depolymerase of Comamonas acidovorans YM1609, isolated from freshwater.

Comamonas acidovorans YM1609 secreted a polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) depolymerase into the culture supernatant when it was cultivated on poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB)] or poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) [P(3HB-co-3HV)] as the sole carbon source. The PHB depolymerase was purified from culture supernatant of C. acidovorans by two chromatographic methods, and its molecular mass was determined as 45,000 Da by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. The enzyme was stable at temperatures below 37 degrees C and at pH values of 6 to 10, and its activity was inhibited by diisopropyl fluorophosphonate. The liquid chromatography analysis of water-soluble products revealed that the primary product of enzymatic hydrolysis of P(3HB) was a dimer of 3-hydroxybutyric acid. Kinetics of enzymatic hydrolysis of P(3HB) film were studied. In addition, a gene encoding the PHB depolymerase was cloned from the C. acidovorans genomic library. The nucleotide sequence of this gene was found to encode a protein of 494 amino acids (M(r), 51,018 Da). Furthermore, by analysis of the N-terminal amino acid sequence of the purified enzyme, the molecular mass of the mature enzyme was calculated to be 48,628 Da. Analysis of the deduced amino acid sequence suggested a domain structure of the protein containing a catalytic domain, fibronectin type III module as linker, and a putative substrate-binding domain. Electron microscopic visualization of the mixture of P(3HB) single crystals and a fusion protein of putative substrate-binding domain with glutathione S-transferase demonstrated that the fusion protein adsorbed strongly and homogeneously to the surfaces of P(3HB) single crystals.