Executive functioning deficits in hypothetically psychosis-prone college students.

Executive functioning deficits have been identified in schizophrenics, their family members, in persons with schizophrenic spectrum disorders, and in others psychometrically at high risk for future psychosis. In the present study, a group hypothesized to be at high risk for future psychosis (Chapman and Chapman, 1985; Chapman et al., 1994) showed no generalized cognitive deficit, but demonstrated impairments on two executive functioning measures (Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and Stroop Color and Word Test) as compared to control students. Results suggest that executive function deficits, particularly impaired inhibitory control, appear in individuals who may be at risk of later decompensation into a psychotic state, and thus may be important in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia and schizophrenic spectrum disorders.