OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of regular smoking on the presentation and clinical course of inflammatory bowel disease. METHODS: We performed a case-control study interviewing 160 inflammatory bowel disease patients (63 with Crohn's disease (CD) and 97 with ulcerative colitis (UC)) and 140 first-degree relatives as controls. The risk of developing the disease relative to a smoking habit was calculated as the odds ratio. Furthermore, to evaluate the influence of smoking on the subsequent course of inflammatory bowel disease, we performed a multivariate analysis that included pertinent variables such as the need for surgery, number of hospitalizations and relapses. RESULTS: The pattern of smoking in UC patients was different from that in CD patients. In UC there was a significant predominance of non-smokers and ex-smokers (P = 0.02), whereas smoking habits in CD were not different from those in controls. Giving up smoking was a risk factor to develop UC (odds ratio: 3.2, P = 0.02). In UC, non-smokers and specially ex-smokers need surgery more frequently than smokers (P < 0.01). Otherwise the relapse/year index was not influenced by smoking. In CD there was a non-significant association between smoking habits and the various clinical parameters analysed. UC patients who begin smoking after diagnosis of the disease present a significant reduction in the number of recurrences. CONCLUSION: Smoking habit significantly affects the presentation and clinical course of UC, whereas in CD, a smoking habit does not have any apparent influence on the disease.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of regular smoking on the presentation and clinical course of inflammatory bowel disease. METHODS: We performed a case-control study interviewing 160 inflammatory bowel diseasepatients (63 with Crohn's disease (CD) and 97 with ulcerative colitis (UC)) and 140 first-degree relatives as controls. The risk of developing the disease relative to a smoking habit was calculated as the odds ratio. Furthermore, to evaluate the influence of smoking on the subsequent course of inflammatory bowel disease, we performed a multivariate analysis that included pertinent variables such as the need for surgery, number of hospitalizations and relapses. RESULTS: The pattern of smoking in UC patients was different from that in CD patients. In UC there was a significant predominance of non-smokers and ex-smokers (P = 0.02), whereas smoking habits in CD were not different from those in controls. Giving up smoking was a risk factor to develop UC (odds ratio: 3.2, P = 0.02). In UC, non-smokers and specially ex-smokers need surgery more frequently than smokers (P < 0.01). Otherwise the relapse/year index was not influenced by smoking. In CD there was a non-significant association between smoking habits and the various clinical parameters analysed. UC patients who begin smoking after diagnosis of the disease present a significant reduction in the number of recurrences. CONCLUSION: Smoking habit significantly affects the presentation and clinical course of UC, whereas in CD, a smoking habit does not have any apparent influence on the disease.
Authors: H S Odes; A Fich; S Reif; A Halak; A Lavy; D Keter; R Eliakim; J Paz; E Broide; Y Niv; Y Ron; Y Villa; N Arber; T Gilat Journal: Dig Dis Sci Date: 2001-08 Impact factor: 3.199
Authors: Talin Haritunians; Kent D Taylor; Stephan R Targan; Marla Dubinsky; Andrew Ippoliti; Soonil Kwon; Xiuqing Guo; Gil Y Melmed; Dror Berel; Emebet Mengesha; Bruce M Psaty; Nicole L Glazer; Eric A Vasiliauskas; Jerome I Rotter; Phillip R Fleshner; Dermot P B McGovern Journal: Inflamm Bowel Dis Date: 2010-11 Impact factor: 5.325