Kinetic and kinematic gait analysis and the assessment of lameness in the dog.

The current state of canine kinetic and kinematic gait analysis, as developed for the objective description of movement for the study of musculoskeletal disease and lameness, is reviewed. Basic terminology of gait is discussed. Ground reaction forces, dynamic flexion, and extension angles and angular velocities are described for the canine walk and trot and for lameness in cranial cruciate ligament rupture and canine hip dysplasia.