Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection of porcine Chlamydia trachomatis and ruminant Chlamydia psittaci serovar 1 DNA in formalin-fixed intestinal specimens from swine.

In previous studies chlamydiae were detected immunohistologically in the gut of 66 out of 311 pigs. The aim of the present investigation was the classification of these intestinal porcine chlamydiae. For the study, DNA extracted from 52 paraffin-embedded intestinal tissues was amplified in nested polymerase chain reactions (PCRs) with Chlamydia omp1 genus- and species-specific primers. Some of the amplification products were cloned and sequenced. In 45 cases DNA could be amplified with genus-specific primers. Species-specific PCR and sequencing showed that in 42 cases the chlamydial omp1 genotype was Chlamydia trachomatis. Sequenced DNA fragments were 95-99% identical with the porcine strain S45. In three further cases sequencing analysis provided DNA sequences which were 100% identical with Chlamydia psittaci B577 (serovar 1) omp1 genotype. So far as the authors are aware this is the first report on the occurrence of C. psittaci serovar 1 in pigs.