Alteration of loosely bound calcium in the guinea pig organ of Corti after treatment with diltiazem as calcium channel blocker.

After oral administration of the organic calcium channel blocker diltiazem to guinea pigs for 7 days, calcium ions were precipitated with potassium antimonate in the cochleae. The spatial distribution of the precipitates was studied by energy-filtering transmission electron microscopy and the amount of the ultrastructural reaction products formed was determined semiquantitatively by an image processing system. Compared with untreated control ears, the number of the formed precipitates was reduced drastically in the inner hair cells after diltiazem treatment. In addition, electron microscopic analysis revealed that the number of calcium precipitates attached at the basolateral membrane of the outer hair cells was clearly reduced when compared with untreated control specimens. A large number of histochemical reaction products could be identified in the basilar membrane and were also observed in the untreated control specimens. The spatial distribution of the calcium precipitates in the lamina reticularis was not affected by diltiazem treatment and calcium precipitates could be identified within different cell membranes. The techniques used was considered to be helpful for identifying calcium channels ultrastructurally in intact undissected tissues and to support light microscopic analyses and patch-clamp electrophysiological measurements.