| Literature DB >> 9165177 |
S D Anker1, K R Egerer, H D Volk, W J Kox, P A Poole-Wilson, A J Coats.
Abstract
We hypothesized that in patients with chronic heart failure mesenteric venous congestion leads to increased bowel permeability, bacterial translocation, and thereby endotoxin release; the increased endotoxin challenge then causes immune activation with increased soluble CD14 levels and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha production. Patients with high soluble CD14 levels (indicative of endotoxin-cell interaction) have markedly increased plasma levels of TNF-alpha, soluble TNF receptors 1 and 2, and intracellular adhesion molecule-1, supporting this hypothesis.Entities:
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Year: 1997 PMID: 9165177 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9149(97)00159-8
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Am J Cardiol ISSN: 0002-9149 Impact factor: 2.778