STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine the bioavailability of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). DESIGN: Open-label, randomized, two-way crossover trial. SETTING:Outpatient clinical research center affiliated with a community-based teaching hospital. PATIENTS: Ten individuals diagnosed with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) with CD4+ counts less than 200 cells/mm3, receivingTMP-SMX one double-strength tablet 3 times/week as prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), and without documented gastroenteropathy or diarrhea agreed to participate in the trial. One patient withdrew from the study secondary to development of symptomatic PCP. Data were available for analysis from the remaining nine subjects. INTERVENTIONS: Participants received TMP 160 mg and SMX 800 mg orally or intravenously during two study periods. Following dose administration, blood samples were collected at predetermined time points over 36 hours. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Analysis of TMP-SMX pharmacokinetic parameters (half-life, total body clearance, area under the serum concentration versus time curve, and peak concentration) failed to reveal any significant differences between intravenous and oral preparations. The calculated bioavailabilities of oral TMP and SMX (mean +/- SD) were 102.7% +/- 19.8% and 109.4% +/- 19.4%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The absorption of TMP-SMX is not adversely affected by HIV infection in the absence of HIV-induced gastroenteropathy or diarrhea.
RCT Entities:
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine the bioavailability of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). DESIGN: Open-label, randomized, two-way crossover trial. SETTING:Outpatient clinical research center affiliated with a community-based teaching hospital. PATIENTS: Ten individuals diagnosed with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) with CD4+ counts less than 200 cells/mm3, receiving TMP-SMX one double-strength tablet 3 times/week as prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), and without documented gastroenteropathy or diarrhea agreed to participate in the trial. One patient withdrew from the study secondary to development of symptomatic PCP. Data were available for analysis from the remaining nine subjects. INTERVENTIONS:Participants received TMP 160 mg and SMX 800 mg orally or intravenously during two study periods. Following dose administration, blood samples were collected at predetermined time points over 36 hours. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Analysis of TMP-SMX pharmacokinetic parameters (half-life, total body clearance, area under the serum concentration versus time curve, and peak concentration) failed to reveal any significant differences between intravenous and oral preparations. The calculated bioavailabilities of oral TMP and SMX (mean +/- SD) were 102.7% +/- 19.8% and 109.4% +/- 19.4%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The absorption of TMP-SMX is not adversely affected by HIV infection in the absence of HIV-induced gastroenteropathy or diarrhea.
Authors: R C Owens; K B Patel; M A Banevicius; R Quintiliani; C H Nightingale; D P Nicolau Journal: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Date: 1997-07 Impact factor: 5.191
Authors: M K Lacy; D P Nicolau; C H Nightingale; A Geffken; R Teng; J Vincent; R Quintiliani Journal: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Date: 1999-12 Impact factor: 5.191
Authors: Yi Shuan S Wu; Michael Cohen-Wolkowiez; Christoph P Hornik; Jacqueline G Gerhart; Julie Autmizguine; Marjan Cobbaert; Daniel Gonzalez Journal: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Date: 2021-06-17 Impact factor: 5.938
Authors: Julie Autmizguine; Chiara Melloni; Christoph P Hornik; Samantha Dallefeld; Barrie Harper; Ram Yogev; Janice E Sullivan; Andrew M Atz; Amira Al-Uzri; Susan Mendley; Brenda Poindexter; Jeff Mitchell; Andrew Lewandowski; Paula Delmore; Michael Cohen-Wolkowiez; Daniel Gonzalez Journal: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Date: 2017-12-21 Impact factor: 5.938
Authors: Todd C Lee; Emily G McDonald; Zahra N Sohani; Guillaume Butler-Laporte; Andrew Aw; Sara Belga; Andrea Benedetti; Alex Carignan; Matthew P Cheng; Bryan Coburn; Cecilia T Costiniuk; Nicole Ezer; Dan Gregson; Andrew Johnson; Kosar Khwaja; Alexander Lawandi; Victor Leung; Sylvain Lother; Derek MacFadden; Michaeline McGuinty; Leighanne Parkes; Salman Qureshi; Valerie Roy; Barret Rush; Ilan Schwartz; Miranda So; Ranjani Somayaji; Darrell Tan; Emilie Trinh Journal: BMJ Open Date: 2022-07-21 Impact factor: 3.006
Authors: Michael Green; Kephas Otieno; Abraham Katana; Laurence Slutsker; Simon Kariuki; Peter Ouma; Raquel González; Clara Menendez; Feiko ter Kuile; Meghna Desai Journal: Malar J Date: 2016-01-05 Impact factor: 2.979