Saccharomyces cerevisiae DNA repair processes: an update.

The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae plays a central role in contributing to the understanding of one of the most important biological process, DNA repair, that maintains genuine copies of the cellular chromosomes. DNA lesions produce either spontaneously or by DNA damaging agents are efficiently repaired by one or more DNA repair proteins. While some DNA repair proteins function independently as in the case of base excision repair, others belong into three separate DNA repair pathways, nucleotide excision, mismatch, and recombinational. Of these pathways, nucleotide excision and mismatch repair show the greatest functional conservation between yeast and human cells. Because of this high degree of conservation, yeast has been regarded as one of the best model system to study DNA repair. This report therefore updates current knowledge of the major yeast DNA repair processes.