Detection of numerical karyotype changes in the giant cells of Hodgkin's lymphomas by a combination of FISH and immunohistochemistry applied to paraffin sections.

Conventional karyotyping of Hodgkin's disease (HD) has until now yielded only limited insight into karyotypic characteristics of this disease. For this reason, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using alpha-satellite chromosome-specific probes was applied to paraffin sections of HD tumors in order to verify numerical aberrations suggested to be specific for HD in the literature. The FISH technique was combined with immunohistochemical detection of the CD30 antigen to allow easier identification of the Reed-Sternberg and Hodgkin (RS&H) cells. The number of specific FISH signals per nucleus was determined both in CD30-positive RS&H cells as well as in non-malignant "bystander" cells in order to assess differences in the signal distribution. Contrasted with normal lymphoid cells, the tumor cells in HD were found to be polysomic for at least one of the chromosomes analyzed (1,2,4, and 8). The technique described is a reliable method for confirmation of results obtained from conventional cytogenetics, which is especially suited for archival material or samples not containing dividing cells.