New cineromycins and musacins obtained by metabolite pattern analysis of Streptomyces griseoviridis (FH-S 1832). I. Taxonomy, fermentation, isolation and biological activity.

Chemical screening using thin layer chromatography and various staining reagents offers the opportunity to visualize a nearly complete picture of a microbial secondary metabolite pattern (metabolic finger-print). This approach can be used advantageously for both, the detection of so-called "talented" strains, and for qualifying microbial strain collections, especially as a fundamental step of efficiently applied biological high-throughput assays. Based on their metabolic finger-print, microbial isolates can be classified in: (i) non-producing organisms, which gave no indication of the formation of secondary metabolites up to a defined detection limit, (ii) organisms of narrow productivity, which produce one or two secondary metabolites as main products with a restricted dependence to alteration of the culture conditions, and (iii) talented organisms, which are able to synthesize an array of structurally different secondary metabolites. As an example, the talented strain, Streptomyces griseoviridis (FH-S 1832), was studied in detail. Investigations in its taxonomical characterization, fermentation, as well as the isolation and purification procedures leading to 14-membered macrocyclic lactones of the cineromycin-type (cineromycin B and three new congeners) and to the musacins A to F are reported. Musacin C exhibits anthelminthic and weak antiviral activities.