Displaying radiologic images on personal computers: image storage and compression: Part 1.

This is the third article of our series for radiologists and imaging scientists on displaying, manipulating, and analyzing radiologic images on personal computers. Part 1 of this article discusses image storage and reviews the basic concepts of information theory and image compression; part 2 will discuss specific methods of image compression. There are a wide variety of removable storage devices available to users who need to archive radiologic images on their personal computers. Tape drives have potentially very large storage capacity but slow performance. Removable SyQuest (SyQuest Technology, Femont, CA) and Bernoulli disks have near hard disk performance and can store from 100 to 150 Mbytes. Magneto-optical drives can store nearly 1 Gb on a 5.25" disk, with somewhat slower performance. Selecting the most appropriate storage solution requires a careful balance of the user's requirements, including performance, storage needs, cost and compatibility with other users. Despite the advances in low cost high capacity storage technology, image compression remains a crucial technology for modern diagnostic radiology because digital images require such large amounts of storage. Image compression is possible because radiologic images have relatively low entropy (high information content) compared with random noise. Image compression is classified as lossless (nondestructive) or lossy (destructive). Lossless image compression commonly achieve compression ratios of 1.5:1 to 3:1 (33% to 67%), whereas lossy compression can compresses images from 3:1 to 30:1 (67% to 97%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)