Theophylline toxicity.

Theophylline toxicity continues to be a commonly encountered clinical problem. Patients may present with a vast array of toxic manifestations, including life-threatening cardiovascular and neurologic toxicity. Despite the considerable attention this topic has received in the literature, there remain some important controversies regarding the identification of high risk patients and how best to manage them. This review attempts to summarize the current state of knowledge regarding theophylline toxicity with special emphasis on toxic manifestations and the role of elimination enhancing modalities.