BACKGROUND: Experimental studies have indicated dietary fish oil as a protective agent in colon carcinogenesis. Prostaglandins have been suggested to be involved in this process. In the present study, the effects of fish oil on rectal cell proliferation (i.e., intermediate biomarker of cancer risk), mucosal membrane fatty acids, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) release were investigated in 12 healthy volunteers. METHODS: In addition to a controlled basal diet, the test subjects received either fish oil (4.4 gomega-3 fatty acids/day) or corn oil supplements for two 4-week periods in a double-blind, crossover trial. Rectal cell proliferation was determined by bromodeoxyuridine immunohistochemistry and ornithine decarboxylase activity. After 2-hour incubation with bromodeoxyuridine, PGE2 concentration in the incubation medium was measured by radioimmunoassay. Mucosal membrane fatty acids were analyzed by gas chromatography. RESULTS:Bromodeoxyuridine labeling index (9.2% vs. 10.9%; P < 0.05), ornithine decarboxylase activity (19.7 vs. 36.4 pmol.mg protein-1.h-1; P < 0.005), and PGE2 release from rectal biopsy specimens (435.5 vs. 671.5 pg/mg wet tissue; P < 0.05) were significantly lower during the fish oil than the corn oil period, whereas membrane fatty acids were not statistically different. CONCLUSIONS: The results support the hypothesis that dietary fish oil may protect against colon cancer.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: Experimental studies have indicated dietary fish oil as a protective agent in colon carcinogenesis. Prostaglandins have been suggested to be involved in this process. In the present study, the effects of fish oil on rectal cell proliferation (i.e., intermediate biomarker of cancer risk), mucosal membrane fatty acids, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) release were investigated in 12 healthy volunteers. METHODS: In addition to a controlled basal diet, the test subjects received either fish oil (4.4 g omega-3 fatty acids/day) or corn oil supplements for two 4-week periods in a double-blind, crossover trial. Rectal cell proliferation was determined by bromodeoxyuridine immunohistochemistry and ornithine decarboxylase activity. After 2-hour incubation with bromodeoxyuridine, PGE2 concentration in the incubation medium was measured by radioimmunoassay. Mucosal membrane fatty acids were analyzed by gas chromatography. RESULTS:Bromodeoxyuridine labeling index (9.2% vs. 10.9%; P < 0.05), ornithine decarboxylase activity (19.7 vs. 36.4 pmol.mg protein-1.h-1; P < 0.005), and PGE2 release from rectal biopsy specimens (435.5 vs. 671.5 pg/mg wet tissue; P < 0.05) were significantly lower during the fish oil than the corn oil period, whereas membrane fatty acids were not statistically different. CONCLUSIONS: The results support the hypothesis that dietary fish oil may protect against colon cancer.
Authors: Andrew P Neilson; Zora Djuric; Jianwei Ren; Yu H Hong; Ananda Sen; Corey Lager; Yan Jiang; Shony Reuven; William L Smith; Dean E Brenner Journal: J Nutr Biochem Date: 2011-09-19 Impact factor: 6.048
Authors: Shannon R Porenta; Yi-An Ko; Stephen B Gruber; Bhramar Mukherjee; Ana Baylin; Jianwei Ren; Zora Djuric Journal: Cancer Prev Res (Phila) Date: 2013-09-10
Authors: Stacey A Missmer; Jorge E Chavarro; Susan Malspeis; Elizabeth R Bertone-Johnson; Mark D Hornstein; Donna Spiegelman; Robert L Barbieri; Walter C Willett; Susan E Hankinson Journal: Hum Reprod Date: 2010-03-23 Impact factor: 6.918
Authors: Yang-Yi Fan; Qitao Ran; Shinya Toyokuni; Yasumasa Okazaki; Evelyn S Callaway; Joanne R Lupton; Robert S Chapkin Journal: Cancer Prev Res (Phila) Date: 2011-04-13
Authors: Mingyang Song; Fang-Shu Ou; Tyler J Zemla; Mark A Hull; Qian Shi; Paul J Limburg; Steven R Alberts; Frank A Sinicrope; Edward L Giovannucci; Erin L Van Blarigan; Jeffrey A Meyerhardt; Andrew T Chan Journal: Int J Cancer Date: 2019-01-28 Impact factor: 7.396