OBJECTIVE: In the present study we examined the incidence of psychiatric and behavioral problems among male carriers of the fragile X gene. METHOD: Retrospective data on carrier males were gathered using the family informant method. Each of 56 fragile X carrier women was interviewed about her father by an examiner blind to the father's carrier status. The interviewer administered measures of (1) behaviors related to DSM-III-R Axis I disorders, (2) adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) behaviors, (3) parental bonding skills, and (4) abusive behaviors. The endorsements from 24 women with fragile X fathers were compared with endorsements from 32 women with nonfragile X fathers. RESULTS: The results show a higher incidence of psychopathology among the fragile X males (relative to nonfragile X fathers) for behaviors related to adult ADHD, parental bonding, abuse; and particularly for alcohol abuse/dependence and obsessive-compulsive disorder behaviors. CONCLUSIONS: These findings support the hypotheses that some "nonpenetrant" males may indeed be mildly affected carriers and that there is a broad spectrum of involvement among carrier males.
OBJECTIVE: In the present study we examined the incidence of psychiatric and behavioral problems among male carriers of the fragile X gene. METHOD: Retrospective data on carrier males were gathered using the family informant method. Each of 56 fragile X carrier women was interviewed about her father by an examiner blind to the father's carrier status. The interviewer administered measures of (1) behaviors related to DSM-III-R Axis I disorders, (2) adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) behaviors, (3) parental bonding skills, and (4) abusive behaviors. The endorsements from 24 women with fragile X fathers were compared with endorsements from 32 women with nonfragile X fathers. RESULTS: The results show a higher incidence of psychopathology among the fragile X males (relative to nonfragile X fathers) for behaviors related to adult ADHD, parental bonding, abuse; and particularly for alcohol abuse/dependence and obsessive-compulsive disorder behaviors. CONCLUSIONS: These findings support the hypotheses that some "nonpenetrant" males may indeed be mildly affected carriers and that there is a broad spectrum of involvement among carrier males.
Authors: James A Bourgeois; Sarah M Coffey; Susan M Rivera; David Hessl; Louise W Gane; Flora Tassone; Claudia Greco; Brenda Finucane; Lawrence Nelson; Elizabeth Berry-Kravis; Jim Grigsby; Paul J Hagerman; Randi J Hagerman Journal: J Clin Psychiatry Date: 2009-05-05 Impact factor: 4.384
Authors: Jim Grigsby; Angela G Brega; Rachael E Bennett; James A Bourgeois; Andreea L Seritan; Glenn K Goodrich; Randi J Hagerman Journal: Clin Neuropsychol Date: 2016-06-29 Impact factor: 3.535
Authors: Carrie E Bearden; David C Glahn; Agatha D Lee; Ming-Chang Chiang; Theo G M van Erp; Tyrone D Cannon; Allan L Reiss; Arthur W Toga; Paul M Thompson Journal: Biol Psychol Date: 2008-02-23 Impact factor: 3.251