Hexose transport across the apical and basolateral membrane of enterocytes from different regions of the chicken intestine.

The properties of hexose transport across the apical and basolateral membranes of chicken enterocytes have been studied in the small and large intestine. Results show that (a) isolated epithelial cells from all segments except the coprodeum can accumulate 3-O-methylglucose (Glc3Me) against a concentration gradient, by a Na(+)-dependent and phloridizin-sensitive mechanism. (b) The cell cumulative capacity for Glc3Me (control/phloridizin-incubated cells) is lower in the small intestine than in the large intestine (rectum = proximal caecum = ileum > jejunum > duodenum). (c) Theophylline enhances the cell Glc3Me cumulative capacity 2.9-fold in the duodenum and 2.4-fold in the jejunum but has no effect in the other segments studied. (d) Analysis of sugar uptake indicates that net hexose influx rates decrease from proximal to distal regions: jejunum > duodenum > ileum = proximal caecum = rectum for the apical transport system (alpha-methyl glucoside as substrate and phloridizin as inhibitor) and duodenum > jejunum > ileum = proximal caecum = rectum for the basolateral system (2-deoxyglucose; theophylline). (e) The duodenum and the jejunum show high apical and basolateral hexose transport rates, which confer a significant capacity for sugar absorption on the proximal intestine. More distal regions, including the ileum, the proximal caecum and the rectum, have transport systems analogous to those of the proximal intestine that keep a considerable potential capability to recover hexoses from the lumen.