Membrane chloride conductance and capacitance in Jurkat T lymphocytes during osmotic swelling.

Video microscopy and whole-cell patch-clamp recording were used to monitor changes in relative cell volume (V/Vo), chloride conductance (gCl), and membrane capacitance (Cm) during osmotically induced swelling in Jurkat T lymphocytes. Cellular swelling was initiated with hyperosmotic pipette solutions. Simultaneous evaluation of V/Vo and gCl revealed a 59-s delay between the inception of swelling and the activation of outwardly rectifying, ATP-dependent Cl- channels. Following the delay, increases in V/Vo and gCl progressed in parallel. In contrast, Cm, a measure of cell surface area, fell gradually at a rate of approximately 150 fF/min after whole-cell access was achieved. The decline in Cm lasted 200 s and was followed by a rapid rise (approximately 750 fF/min). The rise in Cm coincided with a variable increase in "leak" current, gCl increased at a slower rate and reached lower peak values in experiments performed without ATP; ATP had no effect on the biphasic Cm time course. The temporal separation of conductance and capacitance during swelling suggests that gCl and Cm vary independently, supporting the hypothesis that a large portion, if not all, of the whole-cell Cl- conductance activated during swelling is provided by volume-sensitive Cl- channels preexisting in the plasma membrane.