| Literature DB >> 8097813 |
M Fortuin1, J Chotard, A D Jack, N P Maine, M Mendy, A J Hall, H M Inskip, M O George, H C Whittle.
Abstract
Because of the high prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in The Gambia, HBV vaccination has been incorporated into the national expanded programme on immunisation. We have assessed the efficacy of the vaccine against HBV infection and chronic carriage by examining 720 3-4-year-old children who had received the vaccine in infancy and 816 who had not received it. The vaccine was 84% (95% CI 78-89%) effective against infection and 94% (84-98%) effective against chronic carriage. Vaccinated infants of mothers positive for hepatitis B surface and e antigens were at greater risk of breakthrough infection and chronic carriage than infants of uninfected mothers. The high vaccine efficacy against the HBV carrier state, the main risk factor for the development of chronic liver disease and liver cancer, offers hope that the prevalence of these diseases may be reduced in the future.Entities:
Keywords: Africa; Africa South Of The Sahara; Age Factors; Antibodies; Biology; Case Control Studies; Child; Chronic Diseases; Data Analysis; Delivery Of Health Care; Demographic Factors; Developing Countries; Diseases; English Speaking Africa; Follow-up Studies; Gambia; Health; Health Services; Hepatitis; Immunity; Immunity, Active; Immunization; Immunologic Factors; Organization And Administration; Physiology; Population; Population Characteristics; Primary Health Care; Program Effectiveness; Program Evaluation; Programs; Research Methodology; Studies; Vaccination; Viral Diseases; Western Africa; Youth
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Year: 1993 PMID： 8097813 DOI： 10.1016/0140-6736(93)93137-p
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Lancet ISSN： 0140-6736 Impact factor: 79.321