Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry of recombinantly engineered antibody fragments.

Mass spectrometry has been used to confirm the correct protein expression of Fab and F(ab')2 fragments of the humanized anti-p185HER2 antibody huMAb4D5. These data demonstrate that electrospray ionization mass spectrometry can be used routinely to measure the masses of purified proteins as large as 100 kDa, with an accuracy of < or = 0.02%. This level of accuracy is helpful in demonstrating the faithful translation and proper posttranslational modification of these proteins. Accurate and reliable mass assignments by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry are achieved by calibrating with protein mass standards, optimizing resolution, and using methods to improve sample purity. On-line reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry has been employed to improve sample purity and thereby increase sensitivity. Disulfide reduction to yield the component subunits provides additional confirmation of the correct amino acid sequence with greater absolute mass accuracy. A volatile reducing agent such as tributylphosphine provides a convenient method to generate subunits for mass measurement while requiring little or no further sample purification.