Depletion of the erbB-2 gene product p185 by benzoquinoid ansamycins.

Herbimycin A, a benzoquinoid ansamycin, is widely used as an inhibitor of tyrosine kinases. We have examined the effects of herbimycin A and several analogues on p185, the tyrosine kinase encoded by the erbB2 gene in human breast cancer cells. Exposure to 0.35 microM herbimycin A reduced tyrosine phosphorylation of p185 in SKBr3 cells by 80% after 2 h, and the p185 protein level was reduced by 90% after 6 h. The reduction of p185 resulted primarily from increased degradation of p185; cellular protein synthesis was reduced only 16% in SKBr3 cells treated with herbimycin A, RNA synthesis was inhibited only 10%, and erbB2 mRNA levels were unchanged. Examination of the major cellular glycoproteins indicated that most glycoproteins were unaffected under conditions that substantially depleted p185. Studies with cell lines transfected with erbB2 containing defined deletions indicated that susceptibility to the depletion of p185 by herbimycin and its analogues required the domain encoded by amino acids 751-971. The benzoquinoid ansamycins therefore initiate a process of specific degradation of tyrosine kinases by a mechanism that remains unknown.