Dependency characteristics of partner assaultive men.

Men who had physically assaulted female partners (PA group; N = 24) were compared with maritally discordant nonviolent men (DNV group; N = 24) and happily married nonviolent men (HNV group; N = 24) on measures of dependency and related constructs. PA men reported higher interpersonal dependency, higher spouse-specific dependency, and lower self-esteem than both contrast groups, but did not differ significantly on a measure of jealously. Data reduction indicated two constructs underlying these measures: perceived personal inadequacy and emotional investment in the primary relationship. PA men were high on both, while DNV men had moderate perceived inadequacy and low emotional investment and HNV men had low perceived inadequacy and high emotional investment. The findings support the clinical observation that interpersonal dependency is an important factor in the motivational dynamics of relationship violence.