OBJECTIVE: To genetically characterize HIV-1 strains in injecting drug users (IDU) in Bangkok, Thailand in 1994, and compare these with strains found earlier in Thai IDU; such information is essential for HIV-1 vaccine development and evaluation. METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were collected from 84 IDU attending 14 drug treatment clinics in Bangkok in 1994. DNA was amplified using a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) procedure and sequenced directly (without cloning) from the PCR products. The V3 and flanking regions (345 nucleotides) of the env gene were analyzed using a neighbor-joining tree. RESULTS: Only one (1%) strain was a typical subtype B virus, 69 (82%) were genetically distinct subtype B' viruses (Thai B), and 14 (17%) were subtype E strains (Thai A). Persons with recently acquired infection were more likely to have subtype E viruses (P < 0.001) than those in our 1991 survey, who were more likely to have subtype B' viruses. Pairwise intra-subtype differences within subtypes E and B' were 5.3 and 4.3%, respectively, compared with 3.4 and 3.5% among strains collected in 1991 in Thailand. CONCLUSION: The genetic diversity within subtypes B' and E in Thailand and the proportion of new infections due to subtype E viruses among Bangkok IDU are increasing significantly. These data highlight the importance of monitoring the molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 in populations being considered for HIV-1 vaccine trials.
OBJECTIVE: To genetically characterize HIV-1 strains in injecting drug users (IDU) in Bangkok, Thailand in 1994, and compare these with strains found earlier in Thai IDU; such information is essential for HIV-1 vaccine development and evaluation. METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were collected from 84 IDU attending 14 drug treatment clinics in Bangkok in 1994. DNA was amplified using a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) procedure and sequenced directly (without cloning) from the PCR products. The V3 and flanking regions (345 nucleotides) of the env gene were analyzed using a neighbor-joining tree. RESULTS: Only one (1%) strain was a typical subtype B virus, 69 (82%) were genetically distinct subtype B' viruses (Thai B), and 14 (17%) were subtype E strains (Thai A). Persons with recently acquired infection were more likely to have subtype E viruses (P < 0.001) than those in our 1991 survey, who were more likely to have subtype B' viruses. Pairwise intra-subtype differences within subtypes E and B' were 5.3 and 4.3%, respectively, compared with 3.4 and 3.5% among strains collected in 1991 in Thailand. CONCLUSION: The genetic diversity within subtypes B' and E in Thailand and the proportion of new infections due to subtype E viruses among Bangkok IDU are increasing significantly. These data highlight the importance of monitoring the molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 in populations being considered for HIV-1 vaccine trials.
Entities:
Keywords:
Asia; Behavior; Developing Countries; Diseases; Drug Usage; Examinations And Diagnoses; Genetic Technics; Hiv; Hiv Infections; Iv Drug Users; Laboratory Examinations And Diagnoses; Laboratory Procedures; Research Report; Southeastern Asia; Thailand; Vaccines; Viral Diseases
Authors: M Pope; S S Frankel; J R Mascola; A Trkola; F Isdell; D L Birx; D S Burke; D D Ho; J P Moore Journal: J Virol Date: 1997-10 Impact factor: 5.103
Authors: Gustavo H Kijak; Sodsai Tovanabutra; Supachai Rerks-Ngarm; Sorachai Nitayaphan; Chirapa Eamsila; Prayura Kunasol; Chirasak Khamboonruang; Prasert Thongcharoen; Chawetsan Namwat; Nakorn Premsri; Michael Benenson; Patricia Morgan; Meera Bose; Eric Sanders-Buell; Robert Paris; Merlin L Robb; Deborah L Birx; Mark S De Souza; Francine E McCutchan; Nelson L Michael; Jerome H Kim Journal: J Virol Date: 2013-04-10 Impact factor: 5.103
Authors: Joseph P Nkolola; Christine A Bricault; Ann Cheung; Jennifer Shields; James Perry; James M Kovacs; Elena Giorgi; Margot van Winsen; Adrian Apetri; Els C M Brinkman-van der Linden; Bing Chen; Bette Korber; Michael S Seaman; Dan H Barouch Journal: J Virol Date: 2014-06-25 Impact factor: 5.103
Authors: Awet Abraha; Immaculate L Nankya; Richard Gibson; Korey Demers; Denis M Tebit; Elizabeth Johnston; David Katzenstein; Asna Siddiqui; Carolina Herrera; Lucia Fischetti; Robin J Shattock; Eric J Arts Journal: J Virol Date: 2009-03-18 Impact factor: 5.103
Authors: F Gao; D L Robertson; C D Carruthers; S G Morrison; B Jian; Y Chen; F Barré-Sinoussi; M Girard; A Srinivasan; A G Abimiku; G M Shaw; P M Sharp; B H Hahn Journal: J Virol Date: 1998-07 Impact factor: 5.103
Authors: F E McCutchan; A W Artenstein; E Sanders-Buell; M O Salminen; J K Carr; J R Mascola; X F Yu; K E Nelson; C Khamboonruang; D Schmitt; M P Kieny; J G McNeil; D S Burke Journal: J Virol Date: 1996-06 Impact factor: 5.103