P S Bunting1. 1. Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, University of Toronto, Canada.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To review the factors that affect the concentration of prostate specific antigen (PSA) in the serum. RESULTS: The discussion includes the structure of PSA; its distribution and metabolism; various analytical aspects of PSA measurements; the effects of clinical manipulations on PSA, including digital rectal examination, transrectal ultrasound, cystoscopy, biopsy and transurethral resection of the prostate; factors affecting PSA levels in health, in benign disease, and in prostate cancer; the effect of various treatments on PSA; and the issue of reference ranges. CONCLUSION: Laboratory staff and physicians must take many factors into consideration when interpreting PSA results.
OBJECTIVE: To review the factors that affect the concentration of prostate specific antigen (PSA) in the serum. RESULTS: The discussion includes the structure of PSA; its distribution and metabolism; various analytical aspects of PSA measurements; the effects of clinical manipulations on PSA, including digital rectal examination, transrectal ultrasound, cystoscopy, biopsy and transurethral resection of the prostate; factors affecting PSA levels in health, in benign disease, and in prostate cancer; the effect of various treatments on PSA; and the issue of reference ranges. CONCLUSION: Laboratory staff and physicians must take many factors into consideration when interpreting PSA results.
Authors: Mark Stovsky; Lee Ponsky; Srinivas Vourganti; Peter Stuhldreher; Mike B Siroky; Victor Kipnis; Olga Fedotoff; Larissa Mikheeva; Boris Zaslavsky; Arnon Chait; J Stephen Jones Journal: Urology Date: 2011-07-23 Impact factor: 2.649
Authors: Hiral Patel; Rosemarie Mick; Jarod Finlay; Timothy C Zhu; Elizabeth Rickter; Keith A Cengel; S Bruce Malkowicz; Stephen M Hahn; Theresa M Busch Journal: Clin Cancer Res Date: 2008-08-01 Impact factor: 12.531