Heterogeneity, polyploidy, aneusomy, and 9p deletion in human glioblastoma multiforme.

The short arm of chromosome 9 is frequently deleted in malignant gliomas. We used locus-specific probes for interferon-A (IFNA) and D9S3 in combination with a chromosome 9 centromeric probe to detect genetic aberrations on a cell-by-cell basis in touch preparations of 30 glioblastomas by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Seven (23%) of 30 tumors had deletions in > 70% of cells; the IFNA locus was deleted in all seven, but the D9S3 locus was deleted in only five of the seven. The latter data confirm that a tumor suppressor gene on 9p relevant to glioblastoma multiforme lies between D9S3 and IFNA. Eleven tumors had deletions in 20-40% of cells, more than three standard deviations above the level in control tissues. The remaining tumors had deletions in < 20% of cells. The seven tumors with the lowest percentage of deleted cells each had more than one genetically abnormal population of cells. In total, 10 cases were of this type (i.e., aneusomic for chromosome 9). Three of these 10 tumors had hybridization patterns consistent with polyploidy.