Olfactory identification ability in pre- and postmenopausal women with schizophrenia.

Previously we reported olfactory deficits in young male but not female patients with schizophrenia. In the present report, olfactory identification ability in pre- and postmenopausal women with schizophrenia and normal control subjects was assessed using the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT). Additionally, serum estradiol levels were measured on the same 2 days as smell testing was completed. Olfactory deficits were observed in pre- and postmenopausal women with schizophrenia but were more pronounced in the postmenopausal patients. Regarding estradiol levels, women with schizophrenia had lower estradiol levels than did normal control subjects. The findings of this study indicate that olfactory deficits do exist in women with schizophrenia and may be accentuated by estrogen depletion.