Risk contracts in managed mental health care.

Private employers and state Medicaid programs are increasingly writing risk contracts with managed behavioral health care companies to manage mental health and substance abuse benefits. This paper analyzes the case for a carve-out program and makes recommendations about the form of the payer-managed behavioral health care contract. Payers should consider using a "soft" capitation contract in which only some of the claims' risk is transferred to the managed behavioral health care company. To avoid incentives to underserve seriously ill persons, we recommend that payers not allow choice by enrollees among risk contractors.