Stress fractures in athletes.

1. The stress fracture is a clinical syndrome that is characterized by localized pain and bone tenderness, relieved by rest, and produced by repetitive stress. 2. The incidence of stress fractures is generally increasing with increased athletic activity. Incidence is probably higher in females and lower in Blacks. 3. The x-ray appearance is delayed, variable, and often subtle. The bond scan is positive early in the process. 4. The treatment is rest and substitute activity. 5. A high index of suspicion should prevent significant morbidity.