EEG biofeedback: physiological behavior modification.

The author reviews the use of operant conditioning to alter electroencephalogram (EEG) patterns. A discrete rhythmic EEG pattern directly related to modulation of motor patterns (sensorimotor rhythm, SMR) was brought under voluntary control in the cat. This technique was modified for use in epileptic human volunteers in order to reduce motor seizures. The use of a newer experimental design and its successful application in one subject is described.