Suppressor mutations that restore export of a protein with a defective signal sequence.

A selection procedure is described that should allow the genetic identification of cellular components involved in the process of protein localization in Escherichia coli. This procedure makes use of mutations that alter the signal sequence of the lambda receptor protein (product of the lamB gene), and prevent export of this protein to its normal outer membrane location. Several suppressor mutations have been identified that restore export of the mutant lambda receptor protein. Mapping experiments show that the suppressor phenotype is the result of mutations in any of at least three different chromosomal loci. One class of suppressor mutations, the class containing the largest number of independent isolates, maps in the major ribosomal gene cluster, suggesting that the suppressor phenotype is the consequence of an altered ribosomal protein. This class of suppressors phenotypically suppresses all known export-defective mutations, internal to the signal sequence region of the lamB gene. These results suggest that ribosomes play an important role in the export of lambda receptor to the outer membrane.