Changes of neurochemical and electrophysiological indices of rat brain under ethanol intoxication.

It was found that acute ethanol intoxication caused an imbalance of the neurotransmitters in the CNS: accumulation of GABA and serotonin and depletion of catecholamines. Alcohol depression was characterized by suppression of the evoked potentials of the various rat brain structures. Under chronic ethanol intoxication of animals, relative stabilization of the electrophysiological indices of the rat brain activity was observed. This reflects the CNS adaptation to the constant ethanol presence in the blood. This state was also characterized by the relative stabilization of the serotonin system and by the increase of the catecholamine level. Withdrawal of ethanol after prolonged consumption caused accumulation of catecholamines in rat brain, depletion of serotonin and GABA, and increased excitability of the nervous structures. The changes of activity of the GABA- and monoaminergic systems are coupled to manifestation of symptoms of alcohol depression and convulsive reactions during ethanol withdrawal.