Spatial localization of bleaching adaptation in isolated vertebrate rod photoreceptors.

Bleaching of a large fraction of the rhodopsin in isolated rod outer segments results in an irreversible desensitization of the rod. This desensitization is referred to as bleaching adaptation. The logarithm of the sensitivity of the rod during bleaching adaptation has been found by a number of workers to be linearly related to the concentration of unbleached rhodopsin. We have measured the desensitization due to bleaching adaptation produced by a spatially confined stimulus and found that its effects are highly local. The space constant for the spread of desensitization was less than 4 microns. The small apparent spread of desensitization beyond the bleached regions probably can be accounted for by defocusing and light scatter. Thus, the involvement of a freely diffusible transmitter in bleaching adaptation does not appear to be required.