Sequence specificity of isolated DNA-cytosine methylases from Shigella sonnei 47 cells.

Five individual DNA-cytosine methylases differing in pI (isoelectric point) values are present in Shigella sonnei 47-cells. The sequence specificity of each of those was determined 'in vitro' by a highly efficient combined approach that included pyrimidine tract (isostic) analysis, identification of the immediate neighbourhood of the methylated base within the recognition sequence and the calculation method. The enzyme with pI 5.3 (MSso5.3) is the counterpart of the RSso 47 II in the Sso 47 II restriction-modification system and methylates the internal cytosine residue of the 'palindromic' 5'-C-C-N-G-G-3' sequence. The enzymes with pI 6.2 (MSso6.2) and 7.4 (MSso7.4) exhibit identical specificity upon methylation of the 'palindromic' 5'-Py-C-N-G-Pu-3' sequence, but differ in the pI values of the proteins. The enzyme with pI 4.2 (MSso4.2) recognizes the unique tetranucleotide 5'-C-C-C-C-3' sequence and methylates the second cytosine residue at the 5'-end of the sequence. The enzyme with pI 8.4 (MSso8.4) methylates the central cytosine residue within the degenerative trinucleotide 5'-(PuC)-C-C-3' sequence. MSso5.3, MSso6.2, and MSso7.4 are presumed to belong to the 'family' of sequence-specific (Eco RII-like) enzymes. These DNA-cytosine methylases are likely to be evolutionary related to Eco RII and to have undergone a sufficient genetic drift so as to recognize similar (but more degenerative) nucleotide sequences.