Demonstration and characterization of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptors in human mononuclear blood cells.

Circulating human mononuclear blood cells were studied for the presence of specific 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol) binding macromolecules. Cells were isolated by density gradient centrifugation and characterized by surface markers. Specific reversible high affinity binding by a 3.5 S macromolecule was demonstrated in malignant B-cells and circulating monocytes. In monocytes specific calcitriol binding was found both in the presence and absence of vitamin D3 to saturate the vitamin D3 binding serum protein. No specific calcitriol binding was found in resting B or T lymphocytes. The data suggest a role of calcitriol in the control of mononuclear blood cell proliferation/differentiation.