Different forms of simian virus 40 large tumor antigen varying in their affinities for DNA.

In various permissive monkey cell lines infected with simian virus 40 there are two major forms of large T antigen which differ in their rate of sedimentation through sucrose gradients. The lighter (5 to 7S) form sedimented slightly more rapidly than the 4S tRNA marker, whereas the heavier (16S) form sedimented slightly more slowly than the 18S rRNA marker. The small t antigen did not form complexes which sedimented as rapidly as those formed by the large T antigen. The 16S T antigen form was converted to the slowly sedimenting 5 to 7S form in the presence of 1.0 M NaCl. The majority of large T antigen synthesized in cell-free protein-synthesizing systems primed by mRNA isolated from infected cells sedimented as the 5 to 7S form even when premixed with excess quantities of cellular T antigen. The formation of the 16S form in infected cells did not require ongoing viral or cellular DNA replication because considerable quantities of this T antigen class were produced in the presence of DNA synthesis inhibitors, such as cytosine arabinoside. Both 5 to 7S and 16S forms could be isolated separately and, therefore, each could be analyzed as to its individual properties. The 5 to 7S T antigen form bound more efficiently and tightly to DNA and had specific affinity for sequences at the viral origin of replication, whereas the 16S form bound less efficiently to DNA and exhibited very little specificity for origin-containing DNA sequences. It is therefore likely that the active DNA-binding species of T antigen isolated from infected cells is the 5 to 7S form.