The two cytochromes c in the facultative methylotroph Pseudomonas am1.

It was previously suggested that there is only one soluble cytochrome c in Pseudomonas AM1, having a molecular weight of 20000, a redox midpoint potential of about +260mV and a low isoelectric pint [Anthony (1975) Biochem. J.146, 289-298; Widdowson & Anthony (1975) Biochem. J.152, 349-356]. A more thorough examination of the soluble fraction of methanol-grown Pseudomonas AM1 has now revealed the presence of two different cytochromes c. These were both purified to homogeneity by acid treatment, ion-exchange chromatography, gel filtration, chromatography on hydroxyapatite and preparative isoelectric focusing. Molecular weights were determined by sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis; midpoint redox potentials were determined directly by using platinum and calomel electrodes; isoelectric points were estimated by electrophoresis and by the behaviour of the two cytochromes on ion-exchange celluloses. The more abundant cytochrome c(H) (lambda(max.) 550.5nm) had a low molecular weight (11000), a midpoint potential of about +294mV and a high isoelectric point, not being adsorbed on DEAE-cellulose in 20mm-Tris/HCl buffer, pH8.0. The less abundant cytochrome c(L) (lambda(max.) 549nm) was about 30% of the total; it had a high molecular weight (20900), a midpoint potential of about +256mV and a low isoelectric point, binding strongly to DEAE-cellulose in 20mm-Tris/HCl buffer, pH8.0. The pH-dependence of the midpoint redox potentials of the two cytochromes c were very similar. There were four ionizations affecting the redox potentials in the pH range studied (pH4.0-9.5), two in the oxidized form (pK values about 3.5 and 5.5) and two in the reduced form (pK values about 4.5 and 6.5), suggesting that the ionizing groups involved may be the two propionate side chains of the haem. Neither of the cytochromes c was present in mutant PCT76, which was unable to oxidize or grow on C(1) compounds, although still able to grow well on multicarbon compounds such as succinate. Whether or not these two cytochromes c have separate physiological functions is not yet certain.