Glucagon stimulation of ruthenium red-insensitive calcium ion transport in developing rat liver.

The maturation of glucagon-stimulated Ruthenium Red-insensitive Ca2+-transport activity was determined in livers of rats ranging in age from 5 days preterm to 10 weeks of adult life. Previous indications are that this activity is confined to vesicles derived mainly from the endoplasmic reticulum. Perinatal-rat liver contains near-adult values of Ruthenium Red-insensitive Ca2+-transport activity, and exhibits large transient increases in the rate of this activity at two stages of development, immediately after birth, and at 2-5 days after birth. The administration of glucagon to foetal rats, at developmental stages after 19.5 days of gestation (2.5 days before birth), results in a large stable increase (greater than 100%) of Ca2+-transport activity in a subsequently isolated 'heavy' microsomal fraction. That this fraction was enriched in vesicles derived from the rough endoplasmic reticulum was indicated by both an electron-microscopic examination and a marker-enzyme analysis of the subcellular fractions. The administration of glucagon into newborn animals only hours old does not enhance further the initial rate of Ca2+-transport activity, and from day 1 to 10 weeks after birth the administration of the hormone results in the moderate enhancement of Ca2+ transport. Experiments with cyclic AMP and inhibitors of phosphodiesterase activity suggest that cyclic AMP plays a key role in the enhancement by glucagon of Ruthenium Red-insensitive Ca2+ transport, and arguments are presented that this transport system has an important metabolic role in the redistribution of intracellular Ca2+ in liver tissue.