Literature DB >> 6164095

Reactivation of an inactive human X chromosome: evidence for X inactivation by DNA methylation.

T Mohandas, R S Sparkes, L J Shapiro.   

Abstract

A mouse-human somatic cell hybrid clone, deficient in hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) and containing a structurally normal inactive human X chromosome, was isolated. The hybrid cells were treated with 5-azacytidine and tested for the reactivation and expression of human X-linked genes. The frequency of HPRT-positives clones after 5-azacytidine treatment was 1000-fold greater than that observed in untreated hybrid cells. Fourteen independent HPRT-positive clones were isolated and analyzed for the expression of human X markers. Isoelectric focusing showed that the HPRT expressed in these clones is human. One of the 14 clones expressed human glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and another expressed human phosphoglycerate kinase. Since 5-azacytidine treatment results in hypomethylation of DNA, DNA methylation may be a mechanism of human X chromosome inactivation.

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Year:  1981        PMID： 6164095     DOI： 10.1126/science.6164095

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  Science        ISSN： 0036-8075            Impact factor:   47.728


  220 in total

1.  Roles of cell division and gene transcription in the methylation of CpG islands.

Authors:  C M Bender; M L Gonzalgo; F A Gonzales; C T Nguyen; K D Robertson; P A Jones
Journal:  Mol Cell Biol       Date:  1999-10       Impact factor: 4.272

2.  Promoter-specific hypoacetylation of X-inactivated genes.

Authors:  S L Gilbert; P A Sharp
Journal:  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A       Date:  1999-11-23       Impact factor: 11.205

3.  Active repression of methylated genes by the chromosomal protein MBD1.

Authors:  H H Ng; P Jeppesen; A Bird
Journal:  Mol Cell Biol       Date:  2000-02       Impact factor: 4.272

4.  Histone variant macroH2A contains two distinct macrochromatin domains capable of directing macroH2A to the inactive X chromosome.

Authors:  B P Chadwick; C M Valley; H F Willard
Journal:  Nucleic Acids Res       Date:  2001-07-01       Impact factor: 16.971

5.  Binding of Ikaros to the lambda5 promoter silences transcription through a mechanism that does not require heterochromatin formation.

Authors:  P Sabbattini; M Lundgren; A Georgiou; C Chow ; G Warnes; N Dillon
Journal:  EMBO J       Date:  2001-06-01       Impact factor: 11.598

6.  The inactive X chromosome in the human female is enriched in 5-methylcytosine to an unusual degree and appears to contain more of this modified nucleotide than the remainder of the genome.

Authors:  Deepti D Deobagkar; H Sharat Chandra
Journal:  J Genet       Date:  2003 Apr-Aug       Impact factor: 1.166

7.  Phenotypic switching in cells transformed with the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene.

Authors:  M Ostrander; S Vogel; S Silverstein
Journal:  Mol Cell Biol       Date:  1982-06       Impact factor: 4.272

Review 8.  Flipping the epigenetic switch.

Authors:  Frederick E Domann; Bernard W Futscher
Journal:  Am J Pathol       Date:  2004-06       Impact factor: 4.307

Review 9.  Architectural epigenetics: mitotic retention of mammalian transcriptional regulatory information.

Authors:  Sayyed K Zaidi; Daniel W Young; Martin Montecino; Jane B Lian; Janet L Stein; Andre J van Wijnen; Gary S Stein
Journal:  Mol Cell Biol       Date:  2010-08-09       Impact factor: 4.272

10.  Multiple spatially distinct types of facultative heterochromatin on the human inactive X chromosome.

Authors:  Brian P Chadwick; Huntington F Willard
Journal:  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A       Date:  2004-12-01       Impact factor: 11.205
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