Further studies on the stimulation of protein synthesis in androgen-dependent tissues by testosterone.

1. By using centrifugation through a discontinuous sucrose gradient, four microsomal fractions are obtained from the prostate gland. 2. Administration of androgens to castrated rats stimulates protein synthesis in all fractions, particularly in the heavy rough fraction. 3. Androgens also increase the content of protein, RNA and phospholipid in the heavy rough fraction. 4. Time-course experiments in vivo show that androgens induce a rapid increase in the synthesis of ribosomal precursor RNA preceding the synthesis of new microsomal fraction and the increase in protein synthesis.