Phospholipid synthesis in rat liver endoplasmic reticulum after the administration of phenobarbitone and 20-methylcholanthrene.

1. Phenobarbitone injection did not affect the concentration of phospholipids in the liver endoplasmic reticulum, but it increased the rate of incorporation of [(32)P]orthophosphate into the phospholipids. 20-Methylcholanthrene caused a transient increase in total phospholipid but a decrease in the turnover rate of the phospholipids. 2. Incorporation of [(32)P]orthophosphate into phosphatidylcholine, compared with that into phosphatidylethanolamine, was increased by phenobarbitone injection but decreased by 20-methylcholanthrene injection. 3. The activity of S-adenosylmethionine-phosphatidylethanolamine methyltransferase increased 12h after phenobarbitone injection, when incorporation of [(32)P]orthophosphate into phosphatidylcholine was a maximum, but at other times, and after 20-methylcholanthrene injection, the activity of the enzyme did not correlate with the rate of phosphatidylcholine synthesis. 4. [(14)C]Glycerol was incorporated more rapidly into phosphatidylcholine than into phosphatidylethanolamine, whereas [(32)P]orthophosphate and [(14)C]ethanolamine were incorporated more rapidly into phosphatidylethanolamine than into phosphatidylcholine. 5. Incorporation of [(32)P]orthophosphate into phosphatidylethanolamine of liver slices incubated in vitro was much more rapid than into phosphatidylcholine, and incorporation into phosphatidylcholine was markedly stimulated by addition of methionine to the medium. Changes in the incorporation of [(32)P]orthophosphate into phospholipids observed in vivo after injection of phenobarbitone or methylcholanthrene could not be reproduced in slices incubated in vitro. 6. It is concluded that phenobarbitone injection causes an increased rate of turnover of total phospholipids in the endoplasmic reticulum and an increased conversion of phosphatidylethanolamine into phosphatidylcholine, whereas 20-methylcholanthrene injection depresses both the turnover rate of total phospholipids and the formation of phosphatidylcholine.