Purification and characterization of the isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase component from the high molecular weight complex of sheep liver: a hydrophobic metalloprotein.

Native isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase and a structurally modified form of methionyl-tRNA synthetase were purified to homogeneity following trypsinolysis of the high molecular weight complex from sheep liver containing eight aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. The correspondence between purified isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase and the previously unassigned polypeptide component of Mr 139 000 was established. It is shown that dissociation of this enzyme from the complex has no discernible effect on its kinetic parameters. Both isoleucyl- and methionyl-tRNA synthetases contain one zinc ion per polypeptide chain. In both cases, removal of the metal ion by chelating agents leads to an inactive apoenzyme. As the trypsin-modified methionyl-tRNA synthetase has lost the ability to associate with other components of the complex [Mirande, M., Kellermann, O., & Waller, J. P. (1982) J. Biol. Chem. 257, 11049-11055], the zinc ion is unlikely to be involved in complex formation. While native purified isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase displays hydrophobic properties, trypsin-modified methionyl-tRNA synthetase does not. It is suggested that the assembly of the amino-acyl-tRNA synthetase complex is mediated by hydrophobic domains present in these enzymes.