Evaluation of the nephrotoxicity of iproplatin (CHIP) in comparison to cisplatin by the measurement of urinary enzymes.

Levels of three enzymes, leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), and beta-glucuronidase (BGA) were measured in the urine of patients receiving hematologically toxic doses of iproplatin (a) with or (b) without pretreatment hydration. The maximum post-treatment increases in the levels of each of the enzymes were compared between these two groups of patients. In addition, the maximum increases in urinary enzyme levels in iproplatin-treated patients were compared with those in patients treated with 40 mg/m2 cisplatin, a known nephrotoxic agent. Increases in LAP levels after cisplatin treatment in the periods studied are significantly higher than those after iproplatin treatment (P less than 0.05). No differences were found in the increases in BGA and NAG levels between iproplatin treatment and cisplatin treatment. No differences were found in the increases in levels of any of the enzymes between patients receiving iproplatin with pretreatment hydration and no prior hydration.