Antagonism of ethanol's central stimulation in mice by small doses of catecholamine-receptor agonists.

Small doses of apomorphine (0.03-0.25 mg/kg i.p.) caused a dose-dependent suppression of the ethanol-induced (2.36 g/kg, 15% v/v, i.p.) locomotor stimulation in mice and higher doses (0.5--2 mg/kg i.p.) caused a delayed suppression. The delay increased with increased doses. Very small doses of clonidine (0.025 or 0.05 mg/kg i.p.), which per se did not or only slightly affect the activity of control mice, also markedly suppressed the ethanol-induced motor stimulation. Ethanol alone (2.36 g/kg i.p.) did not significantly affect the amount of Dopa accumulating in various mouse brain regions (limbic system, corpus striatum, hemispheres and brain stem) during 30 min following administration of 3-hydroxybenzylhydrazine (NSD 1015), an inhibitor of aromatic amino-acid decarboxylase. Both the hypothermia and the locomotor stimulation by ethanol were antagonized by NSD 1015. The reduction in Dopa accumulation induced by a small dose of apomorphine (0.25 mg/kg i.p.) in the dopamine-rich regions in the mouse brain was slightly enhanced by ethanol, whereas the clonidine-induced decrease in Dopa accumulation was, if anything, reduced. In conclusion, ethanol's behavioural stimulant action in mice can be largely suppressed by apomorphine or clonidine, drugs which in the small doses used probably inhibit central catecholamine (CA) neurons.