Agonist-induced oscillations in cytoplasmic free calcium concentration in single rat hepatocytes.

The effects of the alpha 1-adrenergic agonist phenylephrine and the peptide hormones angiotensin II and arg8-vasopressin on cytoplasmic free calcium concentration were investigated in single rat hepatocytes microinjected with the photoprotein aequorin. Hepatocytes responded to physiological concentrations of the glycogenolytic agonists with a series of repetitive Ca transients. In each transient free Ca rose in 2-3s to above 600 nM from a resting level of 200 nM. Transient duration depended on the agonist and ranged from approximately 7s for phenylephrine to approximately 15s for angiotensin. Transient frequency, but not shape or size, depended on agonist concentration. The period ranged from less than 20s to several minutes. We suggest that the frequency of the Ca transients is the principal determinant of the amplitude of the cellular response to calcium-mobilizing agonists.