Liquid chromatographic determination of ergot alkaloids in wheat.

A method is described for the determination of individual ergot alkaloids in wheat. The sample is extracted with ethyl acetate-4% ammonium hydroxide (100 + 10), and the extract is cleaned up by liquid-liquid partition. The ergot alkaloids are resolved by liquid chromatography (LC), using a porous cross-linked polystyrene-divinylbenzene resin column and a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-0.05 M dibasic ammonium phosphate (55 + 45) buffered at pH 10.0. The ergot alkaloids ergonovine, ergonovinine, ergotamine, ergotaminine, alpha-ergocryptine, alpha-ergocryptinine, ergocristine, and ergocristinine are separated by LC and detected with a fluorescence detector. Recovery of ergot alkaloids added to wheat at levels of 16-760 ng/g averaged 85.6% with a coefficient of variation of 11.1%.