Detection of antibodies to individual proteins of rubella virus.

Individual rubella virus structural polypeptides were electroeluted from SDS-polyacrylamide gels. The eluted polypeptides were used, without further purification, as antigens in ELISA assays for the detection of rubella-specific antibodies in patients' sera. This provided a more sensitive detection method than that involving classical serological assays such as HI or VN or that using immunoprecipitation. Antisera against individual viral polypeptides were raised in mice. No haemagglutination inhibition activity was observed in any of these sera and weak virus neutralizing activity was only detected with antiserum to the E1 protein. Antisera to either the E1 or E2(a,b) complex proteins cross-reacted with both the E1 and E2(a,b) complex proteins.