Translational control of gene expression in a normal fibroblast. Characterization of a subclass of mRNAs with unusual kinetic properties.

The translation of a small number of mRNAs in mouse SC-1 fibroblasts can be stimulated by cycloheximide, under conditions where the synthesis of most proteins is inhibited. These mRNAs are ordinarily present in small polyribosomes or messenger ribonucleoprotein particles, although the addition of cycloheximide drives them into large (greater than or equal to 5) polysomes. These mRNAs cannot be translated in vitro unless they are extracted with phenol. With such treatment, however, they are translated with normal competitive efficiencies. In iron-poor media, the mRNA for ferritin exhibits several of the distinctive kinetic properties of this class of mRNAs. With iron supplementation, however, ferritin translation appears normal. These observations are consistent with the existence of translational induction/repression systems in eukaryotes. Several types of evidence suggest that repressors may act by interfering with the interaction between mRNAs and limiting translational initiation components.