Fetal death in motor vehicle accidents.

This study represents a series of cases of fetal death secondary to maternal involvement in a motor vehicle accident. During the period 1982 to 1985, nine cases were reported to the county coroner's office. In approximately 50% of the cases, other injuries to the victim, excluding injuries related to the pregnancy, were minor. Evidence of fetal distress was not always apparent at the time of initial evaluation. In all cases, placental abruption was documented. The injury mechanism was generally impact with the steering wheel. At the time of the accident, none of the patients were using seat belts. These cases demonstrate that minor maternal trauma without apparent maternal distress may result in fetal demise. The data indicate the need for prolonged continuous fetal monitoring for all pregnant women involved in motor vehicle accidents.